ๅ้ก 8.1
x=(x1โ,x2โ,x3โ),y=(y1โ,y2โ,y3โ) ใซๅฏพใใ
xรyโ=(x2โy3โโx3โy2โ,x3โy1โโx1โy3โ,x1โy2โโx2โy1โ)=(y3โx2โโy2โx3โ,y1โx3โโy3โx1โ,y2โx1โโy1โx2โ)=โ(y2โx3โโy3โx2โ,y3โx1โโy1โx3โ,y1โx2โโy2โx1โ)=โyรxโ ใจใชใใ
ใใใใฃใฆใ xรy=โyรx ใๅพใใ
x=(x1โ,x2โ,x3โ),y=(y1โ,y2โ,y3โ) ใซๅฏพใใ
xโ
(xรy)โ=xโ
(x2โy3โโx3โy2โ,x3โy1โโx1โy3โ,x1โy2โโx2โy1โ)=x1โx2โy3โโโx1โx3โy2โโ+x2โx3โy1โโโx2โx1โy3โโ+x3โx1โy2โโโx3โx2โy1โโ=0โ yโ
(xรy)โ=yโ
(x2โy3โโx3โy2โ,x3โy1โโx1โy3โ,x1โy2โโx2โy1โ)=y1โx2โy3โโโy1โx3โy2โโ+y2โx3โy1โโโy2โx1โy3โโ+y3โx1โy2โโโy3โx2โy1โโ=0โ ใจใชใใ
ใใใใฃใฆใ xโ
(xรy)=yโ
(xรy)=0 ใๅพใใ